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大量的文獻(xiàn)已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了這種技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓效應(yīng)存在的證據(jù),。這一領(lǐng)域的基礎(chǔ)研究——例如Javorcik(2004)或Keller和Yeaple(2009)的研究——表明,,外商直接投資在東道國公司產(chǎn)生了廣泛的知識溢出,因?yàn)榭鐕顿Y者將其技術(shù)和方法轉(zhuǎn)讓給了它們在國外的附屬公司,。這些影響直接或間接地?cái)U(kuò)散到本土公司,,這些公司隨著外商投資的增加,往往表現(xiàn)出較高的生產(chǎn)力水平,,或從事更多的知識創(chuàng)造工作,。
For foreign investors, the benefits availedby joint ventures are clear. A domestic partner can help the foreign investor navigate the regulatory and cultural complexities that arise from entering anew market. To ensure the success of their foreign operations, multinational enterprises seek out partners with large market shares that possess awell-developed capacity for innovation or partners that are alreadywell-established in international markets. On the other hand, the threat of a Chinese joint venture partner appropriating intellectual property is a real onefor foreign investors; however, the reality is that such costs seem to be outweighed by the benefits to multinational firms who establish Chinese operations.
對于外國投資者來說,合資企業(yè)的好處是顯而易見的,。本土合作伙伴可以幫助外國投資者應(yīng)對進(jìn)入新市場所帶來的監(jiān)管和文化上的復(fù)雜關(guān)系,。跨國企業(yè)為確保其海外經(jīng)營的成功,,往往會尋找市場份額大,、創(chuàng)新能力強(qiáng)的合作伙伴,或者在國際市場上已有一定地位的合作伙伴,。另一方面,,對于外國投資者來說,中國合資伙伴盜用知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的威脅也是不可否認(rèn)的,。然而,,現(xiàn)實(shí)情況是,,這些成本似乎被在華設(shè)立業(yè)務(wù)的跨國公司所獲得的好處所抵消。